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About Photos

I am on an extended journey that leads me through the Indian subcontinent. To learn more of my past travelling route, and to see some pictures from well-known and lesser knows places in India, open the contact page. Also, for those able to read German, I regularly publish updates to my travelogue which currently holds about 150 entries about places in India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and Nepal, and their foods.

On this page, I discuss copyright-related questions about the photos displayed on my site, ask for your contribution to my site, and give the sources of all photos shown here.

Reuse of the photos by other authors

If you are a web author and want to include one or some of the photos here into your own site, please read this section.

Photos owned by me

Most of the photos shown here were made by me, and, consequently, are owned by me. These must not be used for any other publication without my consent.

If you want to use these pictures for any publication, one of the following options may apply to you:

Contributed pictures

Some of the pictures shown here were provided by friendly readers of these pages (see below). In case you want to use some of them, find out whether I may transfer the right to use these pictures or not (that's indicated in the Photo source list). If yes, proceed as above. If not, contact the copyright holder.

How to contribute pictures to this site

If you have a plant photo you would like to contribute, or if I have contacted you and asked you to contribute a picture, please read this section.

As I am a human with limited radius of action, I can’t be everywhere, at any time, to take photos of whatever I want. For that reason, I gladly welcome photo contributions to my site.

Of course, I respect that you, as the copyright holder of a picture, can impose any conditions you want to anybody making use of your picture. However, for me it is troublesome to have a couple of third-party pictures all of which have different conditions of use. Thus, I ask you to choose one of the following licence types when contributing a picture.

  1. You allow me to use your picture just for publication on this webpage. You keep all copyrights and can revoke your permission at any time.

  2. You irrevocably allow me to use your picture for all times, for noncommercial purposes only. I must not transfer this right to others.

  3. You permanently grant me non-exclusive copyright to your pictures. I may use your picture without limitation, and may transfer this right to others.

In any case, I will list your name, e-mail address and homepage URL in the list of photo sources. In cases A and B, I will direct all people wanting to use the picture to you (unless you don’t want that).

Furthermore, all people contributing any number of pictures to my site are automatically granted the same rights to the same number of my spice pictures. So, let’s exchange photos …

List of Photos

This list will grow in future! Plants are sorted alphabetically by their English name.

Most of the pictures made by directly scanning a plant or plant part were scanned with the same resolution of about 100 dpi. This means that all the pictures have the same scale, so relative sizes are always correct. On a typical computer screen, they will appear enlarged by about one third.

Please note that the images are optized for screen display, and compressed as much as possible. Thus, you can enjoy short download times, but prints will probably disappoint you. Few images are larger than 30 kbytes.

Title Page
The photo of a young woman selling spices while sitting on the ground was shot in Bhuj/Gujarat/India, in December 1995.
The beautiful historic city of Bhuj was devasted by a series of earthquakes on 26 January 2001. Thousands of people were killed, and Bhuj’s glory is gone.

Ajwain
Flowering plant (VI/2000)
Dried seeds (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Allspice
Dried fruits (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Branch with flowers, from Texas A & M University (B)
Branch with flowers, image from University of Hawaii, by permission of Dr. Gerald Carr (A)
Almond
Dried sweet almonds (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried bitter almonds (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Branch with ripening fruits, taken with permission from www.botanikus.de (B)
Close-up to flower, taken with permission from www.botanikus.de (B)
Branch with flowers, with permission from Kurt Stüber
Branch with ripe (cloven) almond fruits, botanical garden Graz (X/2001)
Cluster of ripening almonds (VII/2003), botanical garden Berlin
Cluster of ripe (split-open) almonds (IX/2003), botanical garden Berlin
Anise
Dried fruits (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowering plants, taken with permission from www.botanikus.de (B)
Flowers, (VII/2001, botanical garden Graz)
Annatto
Dried seeds (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Plant with ripe pods (I/1998, botanical garden Funchal/Madeira/Portugal)
Close-up to ripe pods on the plant, from Yamasaki Lab. Plant Photo Gallery, by kind permission from Kazuo Yamasaki (B)
Shrub with flowers and pods, image from University of Hawaii, by permission of Dr. Gerald Carr (A)
Asafetida
Dried resin, sample obtained I/1996 in Jodhpur/Rajasthan/India (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowering plant, taken from Henriette’s plant pictures at Henriette’s conditions.
Flowers, taken from Henriette’s plant pictures at Henriette’s conditions.
Sterile plant (spring shoots), botanical garden Graz (V/2003)
plant with almost opened flowers (two pictures), botanical garden Graz (VI/2003)
Flowering plant, botanical garden Berlin (VII/2003)
Close-up to umbel, botanical garden Berlin (VII/2003)
Umbel with leaves and stem, botanical garden Berlin (VII/2003)
Basil
Single leaves of different species (VIII/2001, 96 dpi scan)
Leaf of Thai Sacred Basil (100 dpi scan, VII/2002)
Thai Sacred Basil, sterile plant (VI/2002)
Thai Sacred Basil flowers (VIII/2002)
Red-leaved basil Ruby, photo taken at Himmelreichkräuter (Austrian Herb Grower, VII/2002)
Flowering plant (Mediterranean, VII/2000)
Italian basil plants with some flowers (VIII/2001)
Flowering plant of African Blue Basil (VI/2000)
Flowering plant of Wild Purple Basil (VIII/2000, kindly contributed by Sabine Amtsberg, B)
Siam Queen Thai basil, plant with flowers (VII/2001)
Siam Queen Thai basil, close-up to flower cluster (VII/2001)
Mexican basil (spice basil), flowering plant (VII/2001)
Mexican basil (spice basil), flower close-up (VIII/2001)
Wild basil, from Yamasaki Lab. Plant Photo Gallery, by kind permission from Kazuo Yamasaki (B)
Shrub basil (bush basil, Ocimum gratissimum), plant with flower (VIII/2001)
Shrub basil (bush basil, Ocimum gratissimum), close-up to flower (VIII/2001)
Bear’s garlic
Plant with unripe fruits (VI/2000, botanical garden Graz)
Fresh leaf, (IV/2001, 96 dpi scan)
Plants at the onset of flowering (IV/2001)
Flowering plants (V/2001, botanical garden Graz)
Close-up to flower (V/2001, botanical garden Graz)
Lily of the valley and autumn crocus (V/2001, botanical garden Graz)
Black Cardamom
Dried pods of Nepalese Cardamom (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried pods of a Chinese type obtained in Chinatown, San Francisco/USA (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Black cardamom plants (IX/1995, Genzing/Sikkim/India)
Black Cumin
Dried fruits (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Black Mustard
Flowering plant (VI/2000, botanical garden Graz)
Dried seeds (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Ripening pods (VIII/2003, botanical garden Berlin)
Black Pepper
Single leave and pickled green pepper (VII/2000, Macau), kindly provided by Liz Thomas. (C)
Dried black, green and white pepper plus pickles green and red pepper, (VIII/2001, 96 dpi scan)
Ripening pepper berries (VIII/1995, near Kandy/Sri Lanka)
Pepper branches with unripe fruits, from Yamasaki Lab. Plant Photo Gallery, by kind permission from Kazuo Yamasaki (B)
Pepper plants in cultivation, from Yamasaki Lab. Plant Photo Gallery, by kind permission from Kazuo Yamasaki (B)
Unripe fruits of pepper and leaf, image from University of Hawaii, by permission of Dr. Gerald Carr (A)
Pepper inflorescence, by permission from Philippe Latour (Aromates, Epices et Condiments du Monde Entier) (A)
Sterile plant of pepper, by permission from Philippe Latour (Aromates, Epices et Condiments du Monde Entier) (A)
Creeping sterile pepper plants covering the ground, botanical garden Berlin, IX/2003
Blue Fenugreek
The picture of flowering blue fenugreek was most helpfully donated by Daniel Landis (XI/2002)
Swiss Schabziger cheese
The picture of a flowering blue fenugreek plant if front of a brown wooden wall was donated by Heinz Pinzer; a magnification shows the flowers in greater detail. (www.brotdoktor.de)
Boldo
Sterile branch (VI/2000, botanical garden Graz)
Branch with flowers, from Raintree Nutrition, Inc.
Borage
Total flowering plant (V/2000)
Close-up to flowers (VI/2000)
Albino flower, photo made available by Daniel Rühlemann, a German herb gardener (A)
Single leaf (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Pink and blue flowers, photo contributed by Franz Rojnik (B). My own borage plants do not show this kind of colour development, but have only blue flowers. I do not know whether genetic or environmental factors are responsible.
Capers
Close-up to flower of ornamental dwarf breed, photo made available by Daniel Rühlemann, a German herb gardener (A)
Pickled caper buds and fruits, (VII/2001)
Caper plants with ripening fruits, by permission from Philippe Latour (Aromates, Epices et Condiments du Monde Entier) (A)
Eight photos of caper buds and flowers have been taken at the botanical garden Berlin, V–VII/2003
Caraway
Plants with almost ripe fruits (VI/2000, botanical garden Graz)
Dried fruits (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Plants in flower (V/2001, botanical garden Graz)
Flowering plants (V/2003, botanical garden Berlin)
Close-up to flower cluster (V/2001, botanical garden Graz)
Cardamom
Sterile shoots (V/2000) (species?)
Dried pods and seeds (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowers and unripe fruits, with friendly permission of Pioneer Enterprise
Flowering plant and dried fruits of Amomum krevanh, photo from Thai Junior Encyclopedia by friendly permission of Oraphan Aswinnimitkul (A)
Close-up to flower and unripe fruits, by permission from Philippe Latour (Aromates, Epices et Condiments du Monde Entier) (A)
Two pictures of sterile E. cardamomum and E. major from the botanical garden Berlin (VI/2003)
Cassia (Chinese Cinnamon)
Dried bark (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Cassia flowers, from Yamasaki Lab. Plant Photo Gallery, by kind permission from Kazuo Yamasaki (B)
Celery
Single leaf (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried seeds (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Sterile plants (VIII/2001)
Ceylon Cinnamon
Dried bark (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried unripe fruits (cinnamon buds), sample obtained XII/1995 in Bhuj/Gujarat/India (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Branch with leaves (botanical garden Graz, VIII/2000)
Chameleon plant
Plant with flower, original wild form (V/2000)
Plant with flower, variegated cultivar (V/2000)
Single variegated leaf (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Sterile plant with insense colouration, (VII/2001)
Chaste Tree
Sterile Plant (VI/2000, botanical garden Graz)
Dried fruits (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowers (VIII/2000)
Close-up to flower cluster, public herb garden of Gartenbau Wagner, an Austrain grower of herbs and spices (VIII/2000)
Group of flower clusters, including an albino one, public herb garden of Gartenbau Wagner, an Austrain grower of herbs and spices (VIII/2000)
Chervil
Flowering plant with unripe fruits (VI/2000)
Single leaf (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flower cluster with unreipe fruits (V/2001, 96 dpi scan)
Flower cluster, (V/2001)
Chile
Capsicum praetermissum flower (IX/2000, Arche Noah chile exhibition)
Capsicum chacoense: Plant with ripe fruits (IX/2000, Arche Noah chile exhibition)
Capsicum chacoense: Ripe fruits. Photo from Örtagårdens Plantskola by friendly permission of Rune (B).
Unripe dried Capsicum cardenasii (ulupica) fruits (100 dpi scan), thanks to Petra Markstein for this sample (and a great dinner).
Ripe ulupica on plant, again thanks to Petra Markstein
Ulupica flower, plant grown from Petra’s seeds (VII/2003)
View of Tezpur, with the mountains of Bhutan in the background (XI/1995)
Capsicum pubescens:
Flowering chile rocoto with unripe fruits (VI/2000)
Ripe Rocotos split open (VIII/2000)
Rocoto seeds (100 dpi scan)
Red rocotos on plant, thanks to Joe Carrasco from rocoto.com
Yellow rocoto on plant, thanks to Joe Carrasco from rocoto.com
Capsicum baccatum:
Bird ají, flower and unripe fruit (IX/2002)
Ripe bird ají fruit (I/2003)
Bell-shaped ají (probably Bishop’s Crown): Flower and ripe fruits (IX/2000)
Peruvian ají amarillo (ripe fruit, XI/2000 100 dpi scan; flower VIII/2000)
Ripe and unripe ajíes colorados (IX/2000, Arche Noah chile exhibition)
Ají amarillo, plant with ripening fruits (IX/2001).
Inca Chile, ripe fruits (XI/2001)
Capsicum chinense:
Red Savina plant with ripe and unripe fruits (VIII/2002)
Two ripe Red Savinas (VIII/2002)
Single ripe Red Savina fruit on plant (VII/2002). Thanks to Kristian Podrepsek for this picture (C)
Branch laden with fruits of chile habanero (IX/2000)
Caribbean Red fruit on plant (VII/2002). Thanks to Kristian Podrepsek for this picture (C)
Ripening Habanero (half green, half orange) (VII/2001)
Scotch Bonnet plant with ripe fruits (VIII/2002)
Scotch Bonnet fruits close-up (VIII/2002)
Chocolate Brown Habanero fruits (VIII/2001).
Flowers and young fruits of Nigerian ose utoro (VII/2001)
Plant with ripe ose utoro fruits (VIII/2001).
Ripe unknown chinense fruits, obtained as imported from the Netherlands in an Indian foodstore (III/2001)
Ripe Habaneros (VIII/2000)
Tobago bird pepper (somewhat obscure, VIII/2002)
Red Mushroom habaneros (VIII/2002)
Ripe adjuma fruits (VIII/2002)
Unripe scarlet lantern fruits (VIII/2002)
Ripe Gambia fruits (VIII/2002)
Capsicum frutescens:
Tabasco Flower (X/2000)
Tabasco plant with ripe fruits (VI/2002). Thanks to Kristian Podrepsek for this picture (C)
Dried Tabasco (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Fresh malagueta chile (IX/2001, 100 dpi scan)
Cluster of ripe malagueta chiles (VIII/2001)
Ripe malagueta chile plus flower (VIII/2001). All the malaguate pictures stem from plants grown from unnamed seeds obtained in Brazil.
Hawaiian chile, probably a frutescens (VIII/2001)
Capsicum annuum:
Fresh Thai chiles (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried tien tsin (X/2001, 96 dpi scan)
Ripe dundicut chiles (X/2001)
Ripening suryamukhi cluster chiles (VIII/2002)
Chives
Flowering plants (V/2000, IGS Graz)
Flowers, photo taken in the herbal garden of Miriam Wiegele (V/2001)
Leaves, (X/2001, 96 dpi scan)
Chive plants with flowers (VI/2003, botanical garden Berlin)
Garlic chives with flowers, (VI/2003, botanical garden Berlin)
Cicely
Flowering plant with unripe fruits (V/2000)
Single leaf plus unripe fruits (V/2001, 96 dpi scan)
Cloves
Dried buds (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowers (VI/1995, Ternate/Indonesia)
Monument in the center of Ternate City (VI/1995)
Gamalama vulcano, as seen from the North West of Ternate Island (VI/1995)
Drying buds (VI/1995, Tidore/Indonesia)
Drying cloves (Zanzibar), photo taken by Nicole Meyer. The photo was given to me by Allegra Berrian. If you are Nicole Meyer and if you don’t want me to use your picture, please email me.
Ripe clove fruits (VII/1995, near Kandy/Sri Lanka)
Clove trees (V/1995, near Tentena/Sulawesi/Indonesia)
Old clove tree (pohon cengkeh afu, allegedly the oldest clove tree in the world, planted ca. 1640, Ternate/Indonesia, VI/1995)
Ship of cloves, sold to tourists in Ambon/Indonesia (VI/1995)
Box of Indonesian kretek cigarettes (100 dpi scan)
Coconut
Archetypical small island with coconut trees; although this picture looks idyllic and backward, it was not shot on a remote spot in the Pacific, but inside the buzy harbour of Tobelo/Halmahera/Indonesia (VI/1995)
White beach with coconut trees (Pantai Luari/Halmahera/Indonesia, VI/1995)
Coconut palm bearing fruits, photo provided by Tahiti1.com, a portal site for Tahiti and French Polynesia (C).
Coriander
Flowering plant (VI/2000) Dried fruits (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flower cluster (umbel) (VIII/2001)
Unripe fruits (umbel) (VIII/2001)
Flowering plants with different leaf shapes (VIII/2001)
Fresh leaves (100 dpi Scan, VII/2002)
Ripe fruits (botanical garden Berlin, VIII/2003)
Cress
Garden cress, flowering plant (V/2000)
Water cress, flowering plant (V/2000)
Nasturtium, flowering plant (VII/2000)
Garden cress (leaves/flower) and water cress and nasturtium leaves (VII/2001, 96 dpi scan)
Plants at the end of flowering season (botanical garden Berlin, VII/2003)
Cubeb pepper
Dried fruits (cupeb pepper) (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried fruits of ashanti pepper (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan), thanks to Francesco Sirene for providing this sample
Sterile bush of cubeb pepper (I/2003), botanical garden Berlin
The three photos of cubeb pepper flowers were taken in the botanical garden Berlin (V/2003)
I was recently informed that the plant on display in the botanical garden Berlin had been misidentified and probably was not P. cubeba. I’ll keep the pictures till I find better ones.
Cumin
Dried fruits (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowering plants, taken with permission from www.botanikus.de (B)
Umbels, from www.dekooktips.com by friendly permission of Marjan Weijers.
Curry leaves
Single leave (VI/2000, Macau), kindly provided by Liz Thomas. (C)
Ripe fruits (VI/2000, Macau), kindly provided by Liz Thomas (C).
Picture of curry tree (VII/2000, Macau), kindly provided by Liz Thomas. (C)
Single branch with flowers (X/2000, Macau), kindly provided by Liz Thomas. (C)
Close-up to flower, image from University of Hawaii, by permission of Dr. Gerald Carr (A)
Picture of the so-called curry plant (Helichrysum italicum), photo taken at Himmelreichkräuter (Austrian Herb Grower, VII/2002)
Dill
Dried seeds (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Single leaf (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flower cluster (VI/2000)
Fruit cluster (X/2000)
Flowering plants, photo taken at Himmelreichkräuter (Austrian Herb Grower, VII/2002)
Close-up to single umbel, photo taken at Himmelreichkräuter (Austrian Herb Grower, VII/2002)
Group of flowering plants (botanical garden Berlin, VII/2003)
Epazote
Leaf and flowering tips (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowering branch (VII/2000)
Fruiting plant (VIII/2001)
Branch with unripe fruits (VIII/2001)
Flowering plant (VII/2002)
Fennel
Dried fruits (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowering plants (botanical garden Graz, IX/2000)
Dark-leaved sterile plant, photo taken in the herbal garden of Miriam Wiegele (V/2001)
Fennel plants and umbel (flower cluster), 2 pictures, (botanical garden Berlin, VII/2003)
Fenugreek
Dried seeds (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Plants with ripening fruits (IX/2000, botanical garden Graz)
Plants with flowers, by friendly permission from biozac.de (Freundeskreis Botanischer Garten Aachen e.V., Friends of the Botanic Garden Aachen/Germany) (B)
Flowering plants (botanical garden Graz, VII/2002)
Plants with flowers (botanical garden Graz, VII/2002)
Flower closeup (botanical garden Graz, VII/2002)
Fingerroot
Fresh rhizome (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Close-up to flower, photo made available by Daniel Rühlemann, a German herb gardener (A)
Plant with flower, photo from Thai Junior Encyclopedia by friendly permission of Oraphan Aswinnimitkul (A)
Fresh rhizome, photo from Thai Junior Encyclopedia by friendly permission of Oraphan Aswinnimitkul (A)
Galanga
Sterile plant (VIII/2000), public herb garden of Gartenbau Wagner, an Austrain grower of herbs and spices (VIII/2000)
Fresh rhizom (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried rhizom (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Fresh rhizom, photo from Thai Junior Encyclopedia by friendly permission of Oraphan Aswinnimitkul (A)
Flowers, photo from Thai Junior Encyclopedia by friendly permission of Oraphan Aswinnimitkul (A)
Galanga flower cluster, from Flowers of the Malaysian Ginger Plants, by friendly permission of Khong Tuck Khoon (B)
Close-up to Galanga flower, from Flowers of the Malaysian Ginger Plants, by friendly permission of Khong Tuck Khoon. (B)
Ripe fruits of the related species A. calcarata, botanical garden Berlin (I/2003)
Gale
Sterile plant, from Texas A & M University (B)
Fruiting female plant. This photo is part of Den virtuella floran, a botany site of the Swedish Museum of Natural History. This photo is loaded from the original location in Sweden, as I have not obtained permission to mirror it on this server.
Sterile plants, photo taken in the herbal garden of Miriam Wiegele (V/2001)
Dried leaves (III/2003, 100 dpi scan). Note that the granular surface texture is an artifact of the scanner.
Fresh leaves (three species, V/2003, 100 dpi scan).
The five photos of flowering male and female plants and of M. pensylvanica were taken in the botanical garden Berlin (V/2003).
Garlic
Sterile plant, taken with permission from www.botanikus.de (B)
Young plants (V/2001, botanical garden Graz)
Flower cluster (VIII/2002)
Two pictures of Allium karataviense native to Central Asia (Turkestan), botanical garden Berlin (VI/2003)
Mural in Gilroy showing garlic harvest (1992)
Ginger
Fresh rhizome (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowering plant, from Texas A & M University (B)
Plant dug out of the ground, showing rhizomes, from Yamasaki Lab. Plant Photo Gallery, by kind permission from Kazuo Yamasaki (B)
Fresh (young) rhizome, Photo from Thai Junior Encyclopedia by friendly permission of Oraphan Aswinnimitkul (A)
Flower, photo from Thai Junior Encyclopedia by friendly permission of Oraphan Aswinnimitkul (A)
Ginger inflorescence (ornamental), by permission from Philippe Latour (Aromates, Epices et Condiments du Monde Entier) (A)
Young plant with rhizom partially visible (botanical garden Graz, VII/2002)
Grains of Paradise
Dried seeds (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried pod (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan), thanks to Francesco Sirene for providing this sample
Flower, photo made available by Daniel Rühlemann, a German herb gardener (A)
Plant with flowers, by permission from Philippe Latour (Aromates, Epices et Condiments du Monde Entier) (A)
Horseradish
Flowering plant, taken with permission from www.botanikus.de (B)
Fresh root (IV/2001)
Plant with flowers, (V/2001)
Close-up to flower, (V/2001)
Hyssop
Flowering tip (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowers (VIII/2000)
Indian Bay-leaf
Dried leaves, samples obtained IX/1995 in Genzing/Sikkim/India (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Branch with flowers and leaves, with friendly permission of Pioneer Enterprise
Indonesian Bay-Leaf
Dried leaves (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Full tree, from Texas A & M University (B)
(Almost) fresh leaf (II/2002, 96 dpi scan)
Branch with (almost) fresh leaves (II/2002, 48 dpi scan)
Indonesian Cinnamon
Dried bark (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowering trees (III/1995, near Bukittinggi/Sumatra/Indonesia)
Close-up to flower, image from University of Hawaii, by permission of Dr. Gerald Carr (A)
Juniper
Dried cones (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Twig with unripe cones (botanical garden Graz, IX/2000)
Juniper tree (column), Photo by Martin Flux, Head Gardener, Fishbourne Roman Palace (B)
Kaffir Lime
Fresh kaffir lime leaf (IV/2001, 96 dpi scan)
Kaffir lime plant withh unripe fruits, from Yamasaki Lab. Plant Photo Gallery, by kind permission from Kazuo Yamasaki (B)
Unripe kaffir lime fruit, from Pépinière d’agrumes, by friendly permission of Pierre Pompanon, (B)
Laurel
Sterile branch (VI/2000)
Dried leaf (IX/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried fruits (IX/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Laurel tree in flower (L. azorica, I/1998 Madeira/Portugal)
Sterile L. azorica, botanical garden Berlin (V/2003)
Commercial bay garden (daphne garden) in Turkey, thanks to Kamil Gelgör (B)
Lavender
Close-up to flower cluster (V/2000)
Small sterile shoot (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried lavender flowers (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowering plant, (VII/2001)
Flowers (VI/2002)
Lemon
Lemon flower (VIII/2002)
Three-leaved lemon with fruits (Poncirus trifoliata, botanical Garden Graz, IX/2000)
Three-leaved lemon flower (botanical Garden Graz, VII/2002)
Small lemon plant with flowers and fruits (botanical garden Graz, V/2001)
Lemon tree, taken with permission from www.botanikus.de (B)
Fresh lemon, from Texas A & M University (B)
Citron fruit, from Growing tropical plants in Phoenix by friendly permission of Philippe Faucon (C)
Ornamental citron Buddha’s hand, by permission from Bernhard Voß (Citrusnursery Voß, Germany) (A)
Nonornamental (edible) citron, from Pépinière d’agrumes, by friendly permission of Pierre Pompanon, (B)
Unripe citron (globular shape), botanical garden Berlin (VI/2003)
Lemon Balm
Leaf and twig, (V/2001, 96 dpi scan)
Flowering plants (VII/2000)
Flowering plant of bergamot (botanical garden Berlin, VII/2003)
Lemon Grass
Fresh stalk (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Sterile plant cultivated in a pot, (VIII/2000)
Sterile plant growing in Thailand, photo from Thai Junior Encyclopedia by friendly permission of Oraphan Aswinnimitkul (A)
Group of lemon grass plants, photo taken at Himmelreichkräuter (Austrian Herb Grower, VII/2002)
Lemon Myrtle
Dried leaves (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Branch with flowers, by friendly permission from Brian Walters (A)
Lemon Verbena
Single leaf (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowering twig (V/2001)
One more flowering tip (VIII/2001)
Flowering plant (V/2001)
Twig with flowers, photo made available by Daniel Rühlemann, a German herb gardener (A)
Close-up to flower (VIII/2001)
Lesser Galangale
Fresh rhizome, sample obtained 1993 in Amsterdam/Netherlands (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried rhizome (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Sterile plants, taken from Indu Bala Jaganath’s Herba page (A)
Flowering plant plus inset of flower, taken from Allan Galloway’s Plants page (A)
Young uprooted lesser galangale plants, photo from CC Chia’s Recipes Glossary by friendly permission from CC Chia (B)
Sterile plants, botanical garden Berlin (IV/2003)
Sterile plants of Kaempferia rotunda, botanical garden Berlin (IV/2003)
Flowering plant and close-up to flower (three pictures), botanical garden Berlin (VI/2003)
Licorice
Dried root (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowering plant, from Yamasaki Lab. Plant Photo Gallery, by kind permission from Kazuo Yamasaki (B)
Flowering plant of Chinese licorice, taken from Henriette’s plant pictures at Henriette’s conditions.
Inflorescence, botanical garden Berlin (V/2003)
Two pictures of Glycyrrhiza echinata have been taken at the botanical garden Berlin (VI/2003)
Lime
Dried lime (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Fresh lime, from Texas A & M University (B)
Ripe limes (III/2001)
Lime flower, from Texas A & M University (B)
Lime plant with unripe fruits, from Yamasaki Lab. Plant Photo Gallery, by kind permission from Kazuo Yamasaki (B)
Long Coriander
Single leaf (IX/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowering plant (IX/2000)
Flower-head (VIII/2001)
Whole plant scan, thanks to Frank Krieg for providing this picture.
Long Pepper
Dried fruits (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Plant with flower (P. longum, VIII/2000)
Close-up to flower (P. longum, VIII/2000)
Ripe fruits, (P. retrofractum), photo from Thai Junior Encyclopedia by friendly permission of Oraphan Aswinnimitkul (A)
Long pepper plant (P. retrofractum), photo from Thai Junior Encyclopedia by friendly permission of Oraphan Aswinnimitkul (A)
Lovage
Single leaf (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried fruits (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowering plant, (VIII/2001)
Close-up to flower umbel, (VIII/2001)
Flowering plant (botanical garden Graz, VII/2002)
Umbel with unripe fruits (botanical garden Berlin, VII/2003)
Plants at the end of flowering season (botanical garden Berlin, VII/2003)
Mexican Pepperleaf
Plant with flower (VIII/2000)
Close-up to flower (VIII/2000)
Flowering branch (VIII/2000)
Young leaf (VII/2002, 100 dpi scan)
Mexican Tarragon
Flowering plant (V/2000)
Close-up to flower (VI/2000)
Mahaleb Cherry
Dried maheleb cherry kernels (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Two photos of mahaleb cherry flowers (V/2003) and two photos of ripe mahaleb cherries (VII/2003) were taken in the botanical garden Berlin (V/2003).
Mango
Ripening fruits on a mango tree, from Yamasaki Lab. Plant Photo Gallery, by kind permission from Kazuo Yamasaki (B)
Mango flowers close-up, from Yamasaki Lab. Plant Photo Gallery, by kind permission from Kazuo Yamasaki (B)
Branch with mango flower, thanks to Yoonki Kim (B)
Dried mango slices, (IV/2001, 96 dpi scan)
Marjoram
Flowering plant of Syrian marjoram (VII/2000)
Plants of garden marjoram with buds (VIII/2000)
Mugwort
Leaves and flowers (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flower cluster (VIII/2000)
Flowering plant (VIII/2002)
Flowers (VIII/2002)
Myrtle
Close-up to flower, taken with permission from www.botanikus.de (B)
Branches with flowers, from Growing tropical plants in Phoenix by friendly permission of Philippe Faucon (C)
Myrtle with flowers, photo taken at Himmelreichkräuter (Austrian Herb Grower, VII/2002)
Flowering myrtle bush, botanical garden Berlin (VI/2003)
Negro Pepper
Dried fruits (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan), thanks to Francesco Sirene for providing this sample
Dried fruits (IV/2001, 96 dpi scan); thanks to Marion Döring to share her stock with me.
Unripe fruits. I don’t know about the copyright status of this picture; I have taken it without permission from an article (Crop profile) by Jim Simon from the Rutgers University, N.J., USA. In the same article, a picture of mine appears although the author has never asked me for permission. So I didn’t ask him, either (well, I did, but he didn’t bother to answer). If you know more about the origin of that picture, please let me know.
Nigella
Dried seeds (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowers of nonornamental variety which were grown obtained from the dried Indian spice (VII/2002)
All other photos were shot in the botanical garden Berlin:
Nigella sativa: Ripe capsules, flower close-up, group of flowering plants (VII/2003)
Nigella damascena: Flower close-up, group of flowering plants, capsules (VII/2003)
Nigella ciliaris: Group of flowering plants (VII/2003)
Nigella arvensis: Flowering plant (VII/2003)
Nigella hispanica: Flower and capsule (VIII/2003)
Nutmeg & Mace
Dried nutmeg (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried mace (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried makassar nutmegs, still with their hard shell (the upper nut’s shell is broken), obtained IV/1995 in Bukittinggi/Sumatra/Indonesia (X/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Basket full with recently plucked nutmegs (Ternate/Indonesia, VI/1995)
Nutmeg tree with close-to-ripe (but unopened) fruits (IV/1995, Maninjau/Sumatra/Indonesia)
Streetlight (Banda Neira, VI/1995)
Branch with ripe (split-open) fruit (Banda Neira, VI/1995)
View onto Banda Neira, showing parts of the harbour and the Dutch fort (VI/1995)
Olive
Branch with ripe fruits, taken with permission from www.botanikus.de (B)
Olive tree, taken with permission from www.botanikus.de (B)
Branch with unripe fruits, public herb garden of Gartenbau Wagner, an Austrain grower of herbs and spices (VIII/2000)
The photo of olives is various stages of ripening was provided by Konrad Berg (C); if you can understand a little bit of German, you should visit his photo series about the production of olive oil.
Branch with flowers, from Growing tropical plants in Phoenix by friendly permission of Philippe Faucon (C)
The three photos of olive flowers were taken in the botanical garden Berlin (V/2003)
Onion
Sterile plants, (botanical garden Berlin, VI/2003)
Two pictures (flowering plant and inflorescence) of Allium giganteum native to the Himalayas (botanical garden Berlin, VI/2003)
Inflorescence of Allium christophii native to Asia Minor to Iran (botanical garden Berlin, VI/2003)
Orange
Dried tiny bitter oranges (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Orange flower and ripe fruit (VII/2000, botanical garden Graz)
Small orange tree with fruits and flowers (VII/2000, botanical garden Graz)
Twig with ripe fruits and flowers, taken with permission from www.botanikus.de (B)
Ripe bitter orange fruits, from Pépinière d’agrumes, by friendly permission of Pierre Pompanon, (B)
Myrtle-leaved orange, a variety of bitter orange (VII/2001, botanical garden Graz)
Another (larger) picture of myrtle-leaved orange, (botanical garden Berlin, VII/2003)
Oregano
Flowering plant of regular garden oregano (VII/2000)
Flowering plant of Italian oregano (O. onites?) (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Tips of regular and gold-coloured oregano (V/2001, 96 dpi scan)
Flowering plant of another variety, (VII/2001)
Greek oregano from Crete (O. dictamnus), photo taken at Himmelreichkräuter (Austrian Herb Grower, VII/2002)
Pandanus flower
Pandanus trees (P. odoratissimus), from Texas A & M University (B)
Pandanus fruit, close to ripe (P. odoratissimus), from Texas A & M University (B)
Trees of P. tectorius in Hawaii, image from University of Hawaii, by permission of Dr. Gerald Carr (A)
Flower of P. odoratissimus. This photo was most generously donated by Christopher McMahon from his interesting site on Essential Oils of India (C)
Pandanus leaf
Young sterile plant (V/2000, sold as P. amaryllifolius)
Same plant ione and a half year later (X/2001). In the meanwhile, the plant has unfortunately died.
Sterile young sprout (somewhat wilted, probably P. amaryllifolius, XI/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Single leaf (III/2002, 100 dpi scan)
Branch of Pandanus utilissimus (native to Madagascar) with unripe fruit (I/1998, Funchal/Madeira/Portugal)
Pandanus plant in Vietnam (near Hue [Huế]). This photo was provided most helpfully by Dagmar Piechowski.
Paprika
Dried chile pulla (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried chile piquin (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Ornamental chile prairiefire with fruits (X/2000, kindly contributed by Sabine Amtsberg, B)
Ornamental chile black prince with fruits (this variety is often listed among the piquin types, but looks more like a tepín for me, IX/2001)
Black Namaqualand, a deeply aubergine coloured ornamental (VIII/2002)
Unknown ornamental with flowers and ripe fruits (X/2001).
Tepín, flower and fruit (many thanks to Gerald Schmidt for providing the photos of self-grown tepíns)
Fresh tepín pods, (IV/2001, 96 dpi scan)
Fresh chilaca chile (X/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried chile pasilla (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Fresh red chile poblano (X/2000)
Dried chile ancho (VIII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried chile costeño amarillo (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried and smoked pasilla de Oaxaca (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried and smoked chipotle (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Ripe jalapeño chiles (VIII/2001).
Chinese five-coloured chile/paprika (IX/2000, Arche Noah chile exhibition)
Unknown European (Italian?) cultivar (VIII/2000)
Unknown European (East-European? Turkish?) cultivar (VIII/2002)
Hungarian cherry pepper, (IX/2001)
Cherry paprikas growing on shrub (botanical garden Berlin, IX/2003)
Pequin chile (VIII/2002)
Chile de arbol (VIII/2002)
Ripe chilhuacles negros (VIII/2002)
Paracress
Flower head (details) (VIII/2002)
Flowering plant (VIII/2002)
Flowering plant (VIII/2002)
Twig with flowers (VIII/2002, 100 dpi scan)
Parsley
Single leaves of flat and curly parsley (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowering plant (VI/2000)
Plant shortly before bloom (two pictures, V/2003)
Pepper Rosé
Dried fruits (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Sterile branch (Sch. molle) (V/2000, IGS Graz)
Tree with ripe fruits (Sch. molle), with permission from Gesamtverband der deutschen Versicherungswirtschaft.
Tree with ripe fruits (Sch. terebinthifolius), from Stinger’s local flora homepage, by permission from G.F. Guala. This photo is loaded from the original location in the US, as I have not got permission to mirror it on my server.
Cluster of ripe fruits (Sch. terebinthifolius), thanks to Thierry Alberto from Le Jardin Naturel, a Réunion-based vendor of tropical plants and seeds. (B)
Peppermint
Grean mint, Moroccan cultivar, sterile (V/2000)
Spearmint (VII/2002)
Pineapple mint, sterile (V/2000)
Pineapple mint, flowering (VIII/2001)
Peppermint, sterile (VII/2000)
Peppermint mint, flowering (VIII/2001)
Horsemint, flowering (VII/2000)
Carinthian mint, flowering (VIII/2001)
Carinthian mint, close-up (VIII/2001)
Japanese mint, flowering (VIII/2001)
Orange (Eau de Cologne) mint, flowering (VIII/2001)
Comparision of different mint leaves (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Turkish mint, sterile. Photo taken in the herbal garden of Miriam Wiegele (V/2001)
Perilla
Single leaf (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowering plant (IX/2000)
Red and green leaves perilla plants, sterile, photo taken in the herbal garden of Miriam Wiegele (V/2001)
Perilla plants in full flower (X/2001)
Close-up to flower (X/2001)
Green Korean perilla plants, photo offered generously by Kimchijon
www.flickr.com
Pomegranate
Flower (VI/2000, botanical garden Graz, ornamental breed)
Flowring shrub (IX/2000, botanical garden Graz, dwarf form)
Dried seeds (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Ripe pseudofruits, taken with permission from www.botanikus.de (B)
Close-up to monocoloured, funnel-shaped flower (dwarf variety, botanical garden Berlin, VI/2003)
Plant with flowers and ripening fruits (dwarf variety, botanical garden Berlin, VIII/2003)
Poppy
Poppy plants bearing capsules (VII/2000)
Poppy seeds (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Poppy flower, taken with permission from www.botanikus.de (B)
Ornamental poppy flower (probably Papaver bracteatum, VII/2000)
Poppy field in Armschlag (Waldviertel/Lower Austria), by permission from Edith Weiß (B)
Pumpkin
Ripe oilseed pumpkin (VIII/2002)
Pumpkin field (VIII/2002)
Harvest: Pumpkins aligned on the field (IX/2002)
Harvesting machine (IX/2002)
Styrian pumpkin seeds (dark olive to green), 100 dpi scan
Mexican unshelled pumpkin seeds (white), 100 dpi scan
Rice paddy herb
Sterile Plant (VIII/2000)
Plant with flowers, photo made available by Daniel Rühlemann, a German herb gardener (A)
Rocket
Flower of rocket (VIII/2002)
Leaf of rocket (VIII/2002, 100 dpi scan)
Rocket, flowering plant (VIII/2002)
Rocket, flowering plant (VIII/2002)
Wild Rocket, flower (VIII/2002)
Wild Rocket, flowering plant (VIII/2002)
Wild Rocket, leaf (VIII/2002, 100 dpi scan)
Rose
Flower of potato rose (Rosa rugosa), a species from Japan with good aroma (V/2000)
Damask rose (flowering), taken with permission from www.botanikus.de (B)
Damask rose (trigintipetala, this specimen was transplanted from Bulgaria), photo taken in the herbal garden of Miriam Wiegele (V/2001)
The various photos of Damask roses (Rose de Resht, Celsiana, York and Lancester, Gloire der Guilan, Quatre Saisons Continue) were all taken in the botanical garden Berlin. The same holds for the Président de Sèze (total 7 pictures, all VI/2003)
Rosemary
Flowering branch (VIII/2000, botanical garden Graz)
Flower close-up (VIII/2001, Blue lagoon cultivar)
Sterile shoot (VIII/2000)
Rosemary flowers, botanical garden Berlin (IV/2003)
Rue
Flowering plant (V/2000)
Close-up to flowers (VI/2000)
Single leaf (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Bush with flowers, (VII/2001)
Safflower
Dried flowers (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Close-up to flower, with friendly permission from INARO - Informationssystem Nachwachsende Rohstoffe (VII/1995)
Flowering plant, from Yamasaki Lab. Plant Photo Gallery, by kind permission from Kazuo Yamasaki (B)
Saffron
Dried stigmata (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowers (with permission from Zunft zu Safran Luzern)
Saffron field in the Alps (with permission from Zunft zu Safran Luzern)
Saffron flower, with kind permission by Flori from Ricebird’s Garden (this site is in Japanese) (B)
Saffron plant with leaves and flower, by permission from Philippe Latour (Aromates, Epices et Condiments du Monde Entier) (A)
Close-ups to saffron flowers and almost closed young saffron flowers (3 photos alltogether), thanks to Herbert Thornton (C)
Scan (100 dpi) of saffron corms. This picture war helpfully contributed by Laura Pazzaglia in Simmarano (of virtualitalia fame)
Autumn crocus flower, botanical garden Graz (X/2001)
Sage
Single leaves of garden sage (2 varieties) (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Single leaf of Greek sage, (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan, botanical garden Graz)
Flowering plant of guava sage (IX/2000, kindly contributed by Sabine Amtsberg, B)
Flowering plant of pineapple sage (X/2000, kindly contributed by Sabine Amtsberg, B)
Plant of garden sage, from Texas A & M University (B)
Flowering plants, photo taken in the herbal garden of Miriam Wiegele (V/2001)
Close-up to flower, photo taken in the herbal garden of Miriam Wiegele (V/2001)
Inflorescence of fruit sage, Salvia dorisiana (botanical garden Berlin, IX/2003)
Flowering plant of lemon sage, Salvia elegans (botanical garden Berlin, IX/2003)
Flowers of Blue ANgel sage, Salvia patens (botanical garden Berlin, IX/2003)
Collection of garden sage types with various leaf colours, photo taken at Himmelreichkräuter (Austrian Herb Grower, VII/2002)
Tangerine sage, photo taken at Himmelreichkräuter (Austrian Herb Grower, VII/2002)
Peach sage (red flowers), photo taken at Himmelreichkräuter (Austrian Herb Grower, VII/2002)
Peach sage (yello flowers), photo taken at Himmelreichkräuter (Austrian Herb Grower, VII/2002)
Gentian sage flower, photo taken at Himmelreichkräuter (Austrian Herb Grower, VII/2002)
Peruvian sage flower, photo taken at Himmelreichkräuter (Austrian Herb Grower, VII/2002)
Honey melon sage, photo taken at Himmelreichkräuter (Austrian Herb Grower, VII/2002)
Sassafras
Flowers, from Texas A & M University (B)
Sassafras branch in autumn, taken from Floridata
Young sassafras leaves (V/2003, 75 dpi scan)
The four pictures of flowering sassafras trees and a branch with young but fully developed leaves were taken in the botanical garden Berlin (IV/2003 to VI/2003).
Savory
Flowering twig (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Plants with flowers (VII/2000)
More plants with flowers (VII/2000)
Sterile plant of lemon savory, Satureja biflora (IX/2000, kindly contributed by Sabine Amtsberg, B)
Persian savory, Satureja thymbra (X/2000, botanical garden Graz)
Close-up to flower of Persian savory, botanical garden Berlin (V/2003)
Slovenian citrus-scented winter savory, (VIII/2001)
Sesame
Dried seeds (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowering plant, from Texas A & M University (B)
Flowring plant, courtesy to Tom Clothier (B)
Flowering plants (Sesamum radiatum), botanical garden Berlin (VIII/2003)
Sichuan Pepper
Dried Sichuan pepper fruits (IV/2001, 96 dpi scan)
Dried fruits of an Indian relative (Z. rhetsa?), sample obtained XII/1995 in Bhuj/Gujarat/India (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried fruits of the Indonesian species, smple most helpfully provided by Prof. Wijaya,Bogor/Indonesia (IV/2001, 96 dpi scan)
Dried fruits of the Nepali species (timur), sent to my by a reader of my pages (IX/2000, 96 dpi scan)
Dried fruits of Korean sancho; many thanks to Dirk Fündling for the sample and his explanations (III/2003, 100 dpi scan)
Dried fruits of four different Sichuan pepper fruits from different parts of Asia (IX/2000, 200 dpi scan)
Two different Korean Zanthoxylum species: sancho and chopi, both samples from Dirk Fündling (III/2003, 200 dpi scan)
Scan (unknown resolution) of twig of Indonesian species, photo most helpfully provided by Prof. Wijaya, Bogor/Indonesia
Branch with ripening fruits (species unknown, botanical garden Graz, VIII/2000)
Flower (bot. garden Graz, V/2001)
Ripe fruits on branch (Z. piperitum), by permission from Philippe Latour (Aromates, Epices et Condiments du Monde Entier) (A)
Silphion
Ancient Libyan coins (Kyrene, 308–277 BC, Didrachm), by friendly permission of Henri Delger, who shot these pictures for an auction at www.wildwinds.com. (B)
Ancient Libyan coin (Kyrene, 322–308 BC, gold drachm); a photo of the same coin is shown on the website of the Museum of Antiquities (University of Saskatchewan, Canada). This picture is reproduced with generous permission of both the museum and the coin’s owner, Dr. Robert McCorkell. (B)
Ancient silphion coin, Public Domain
For comparison: Flowering stalk of giant fennel, Ferula vulgaris; this exceptionally beautiful photo was taken in the Riserva Naturale Orientata in Monte Cofano (Sicilia) and is reprinted here by friendly permission of Giusi Gandolfo.
Southernwood
Leaves of camphor and lemon scented forms (V/2001, 96 dpi scan)
Flowerings branches of camphor and lemon scented forms (VII/2001, 96 dpi scan)
Flowers close-up (IX/2001)
Sterile plant (VIII/2002)
Star Anise
Dried fruits (VII/2000, Macau), kindly provided by Liz Thomas. (C)
Star anise flower (close-up), © by Thomas Stützel, by permission from Botanischer Garten der Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Branch with flowers, image from University of Hawaii, by permission of Dr. Gerald Carr (A)
Flower, image from University of Hawaii, by permission of Dr. Gerald Carr
Sumac
Ground dried fruits (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Dried fruits of Rh. glabra (III/2003, 100 dpi scan)
Tree with unripe fruits, photo taken from derman.net by friendly permission of Mehmed Dikbayir.
Three pictures of American Rh. glabra (ripe fruits III/2003, trees with ripening fruits VII/2003) and one picture of Chinese Rh. punjabensis (VII/2003) were taken in the botanical garden Berlin
Tamarind
Fresh tamarind pod (IX/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Adult tamarind tree, by friendly permission from Erick Fernandes, (Cornell university, B)
Tamarind branch with fruits, from Yamasaki Lab. Plant Photo Gallery, by kind permission from Kazuo Yamasaki (B)
Tamarind tree with fruits, from Tropilab Inc., by friendly permission from Kurt Jessurun (B)
Close-up to flower, image from University of Hawaii, by permission of Dr. Gerald Carr (A)
Dried ripe tamarind pods (VIII/2001)
Tamarind flowers (3 pictures), botanical garden Berlin (VIII/2003)
Tarragon
Sterile sprig (VII/2000)
Fresh leaves, (IV/2001, 96 dpi scan)
Flowering plants, taken with permission from www.botanikus.de (B)
Flowering branch, (VII/2001, 96 dpi scan)
Photo of flowering branch (VIII/2001)
Russian tarragon (botanical garden Graz, VII/2001)
Tasmanian pepper
Dried fruits (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Sterile plant, photo from Universität Ulm, by friendly permission of Frédéric Tournay. (C)
Plant with ripe fruits, from Tasmanian Treasures by friendly permission of Robert Coghlan (B)
Flowering plant, by friendly permission from Kai-Michael Engfer from www.mediterrangarten.de. (B)
Flower of T. insipida, botanical garden Berlin (IV/2003)
Thyme
Flowering plant (V/2000)
Sprigs of garden thyme and orange thyme (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Sprigs of lemon thyme (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Close-up to flowers, photo taken in the herbal garden of Miriam Wiegele (V/2001)
Non-variegated lemon thyme (plant with flowers), photo taken at Himmelreichkräuter (Austrian Herb Grower, VII/2002)
Thyme Wood Pine, flowering, photo taken at Himmelreichkräuter (Austrian Herb Grower, VII/2002)
Creeping thyme with flowers (botanical garden Graz, VII/2002)
Tonka bean
Dried seeds (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Tonka tree, from Tropilab Inc., by friendly permission from Kurt Jessurun (B)
Turmeric
Fresh rhizome (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flowering plant (species?) (V/2000, IGS Graz)
Sterile turmeric plant, from Texas A & M University (B)
Fresh turmeric rhizome, photo from Thai Junior Encyclopedia by friendly permission of Oraphan Aswinnimitkul (A)
Turmeric flowers, photo from Thai Junior Encyclopedia by friendly permission of Oraphan Aswinnimitkul (A)
Turmeric flower (close-up), photo from CC Chia’s Recipes Glossary by friendly permission from CC Chia (B)
Vanille
Sterile shoot (V/2000, IGS Graz)
Dried pods of Bourbon and Tahiti vanilla, the latter provided kindly by KCJ Vanilla Company (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Vanilla flower, from Texas A & M University (B)
Sterile plant, from Yamasaki Lab. Plant Photo Gallery, by kind permission from Kazuo Yamasaki (B)
Ripening vanilla fruits (probably V. tahitiensis), photo provided by Tahiti1.com, a portal site for Tahiti and French Polynesia (C).
Tahiti vanilla shoot, botanical garden Berlin (I/2003)
Guadeloupe vanilla shoot, botanical garden Berlin (I/2003)
Vietnamese cinnamon
Dried bark, sample obtained I/1995 in Huế/Vietnam (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Vietnamese coriander
Sterile sprout (V/2000)
Single twig (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Wasabi
A basket of freshly harvested wasabi, photo most helpfully provided by Naomi Shiratori
Wasabi flower, photo most helpfully provided by Naomi Shiratori
Wasabi plantation, photo most helpfully provided by Naomi Shiratori
Leaves, photo taken in the herbal garden of Miriam Wiegele (V/2001)
Water pepper
Sterile sprout (V/2000)
Single leaf (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Flower cluster (IX/2000)
Flower cluster close-up (IX/2001)
Dried seeds (IV/2001, 96 dpi scan)
White mustard
Dried seeds (VII/2000, 100 dpi scan)
Plants with flowers (VIII/2000, botanical garden Graz)
Plants with unripe fruits (botanical garden Berlin, VII/2003)
Bottles of Dijon mustard (Edmond Fallot is one of the most famous mustard produces in Dijon)
Bottle of British mustard (Colman’s is the oldest and best known brand of mustard in Great Britain)
Zedoary
Flowering plant (ornamental breed), from Facenda Citra by friendly permission from Christian Dierberger (B)
Flowers (ornamental), with permission from Jim Scoggins’ Gingers page (A)



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